The Prayatn

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Half a century after the Naxalbari movement arrived like a Spring Thunder over India , questions are beginning to arise as to whether the spark that gave rise to it is in danger of being extinguished. Independent India had previously experienced armed peasant movements, including the Telangana armed struggle and the Tebhaga movement (in Bengal) , but the Naxalbari movement seemed to follow a different trajectory. It was ignited by a small group of Bengal revolutionaries (all members of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) formed in 1964) who felt disillusioned with the so-called embourgeoisement of the party which had only recently split from the CPI on the ground it had turned revisionist. Breaking away from the CPI(M), this faction received almost instant endorsement from the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) under Mao. This was followed by a few cadres visiting China to receive the benediction of the CCP. In course of time some of the cadres went to China for training. ...

Current Situation As of February 2016, 106 districts in 10 States have been identified by the Government of India as Left Wing Extremism (LWE) affected districts in the country and 35 Most affected LWE districts. With established base areas in Dantewada and Bastar districts of Chhattisgarh, the movement has shown no signs of abating there. 12,000 firearms, and an unarmed cadre strength of nearly 200,000. Govt. estimates of Maoist forces : 15000-20000 army, atleast  40% of them are women ; avg. age in high teens and low twenties. Various estimates suggest Maoist rebels could number up to 40,000. Of these, thousands may be armed with weapons ranging from AK-47s to light machine-guns raided from police stations or bought from dealers in Nepal. The cadre mostly comprises farmers, landless labourers, tribals and the extremely poor, including women and children. Naxalites have been a strain on the country’s security forces and a barrier to deve...

Naxalism is not merely a law and order issue. To truly eliminate naxalism, we must undercut its raison d’être, its reason for existence. While the methods of Naxalites may be abhorrent, most of their goals (apart from overthrowing the government) are not. The government must fulfil these goals for them so that they have nothing to fight for. The government must adopt a multipronged composite strategy. We can broadly divide the strategy as follows: Development strategy: Better infrastructure in core naxal areas Special focus on political security and accelerated socio economic development in a holistic manner Political parties must strengthen their cadre base in naxal areas Decentralisation and participative democracy Better implementation of government schemes Security strategy Promote local resistance groups on lines on ‘village defence committees’ in J&K Formation of specially trained special...

In May 2015, formers leaders of Salwa Judum formed Vikas Sangharsh Samiti in Dantewada of Chhattisgarh to carry forward the work of Salwa Judum in Bastar. i.e. to finish Maoism in Bastar and bring development. West Bengal being the centre of the movement initially, Naxalism spread to the lesser developed areas like  Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh. Senior Indian National Congress (INC) party leader  Mahendra Karma  launched the Salwa Judum in  2005  as a counterinsurgency measure to  tackle the Maoist threat. Salwa Judum meaning “ Peace March ” or “Purification Hunt” in Gondi language. It is a militia mobilised and deployed as part of anti-insurgency operations in  Chhattisgarh , aimed at countering Naxalite violence in the region. It was started as a people’s  resistance movement  against the Naxalites. The militia, consisting of ...